Stove



I No. 748,796. PATENTED'JAN. 5, 1904. c. SGHWEIZBR. STOVE.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 11, 1901 N0 MODEL.

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W [TNESSES- UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,796, dated January 5, 1904.

Application filed July 11, 1901. Serial No. 67,904- (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, CHARLES Scnwnrznn,

a citizen of the United States, residing at. Maplewood, in the county of Middlesex and" State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention consists in a stove'or range for burning solid or liquid fuel which will afford complete combustion, retain and concentrate and apply as desired the heat generated to a particular portion of heating-surface or to a great extent thereof, heating the entire oven or a portion thereof or the top of the stove without heating the oven, thus for all purposes obtaining maximum efiect from a given quantity of fuel.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, and in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the difierent views, Figure 1 is a view in perspective, showing the configuration of the grate-bars and their operation on assemblage in the grate. Fig. 2 is a view in vertical longitudinal section, exhibiting the invention applied to a cooking-stove. Fig. 3 is a viewin plan thereof with the top removed. Fig. 4 is a view in vertical longitudinal section, exhibiting the invention applied to a hotel-range; and Fig. 5 is a view in plan thereof with the top removed.

A grate A, composed of hollow open-ended laterally-perforated grate-bars a, having offsets on one or both sides at their ends whereby when placed side by side they will be close together at theirends, but have through-spaces between them intermediate of the ends for purposes of draft, the hollows or chambers of the grate-bars communicating with the draft spaces between the grate bars, and of an open-bottomed box of, into which the grate-bars are placed and in which they are suitably held, is set into the combustionchamber B.

Solid or liquid fuel may be burned, and the device is intended principally for downdraft, but is arranged to employ either a downdraft or an updraft.

For downdraft an inlet 72 for controllable admission of air is provided above the grate, and there is an air-exit b below the grate. There is also an inlet 19 for controllable admission of air at the grate, the grate-bars being set in the grate in such manner that their open front ends'will register with this opening There is also an inlet 11' for controllable admission of" air arranged in an offset in the hearth to an air-chamber B an exit-opening 17 from this below the grate, and a slidecontrolled exit-opening b above the grate. Below the combustion-chamber is an air-space E the bottom of which is formed by a tilting stage, by which ashes or other matter falling from the grate may be dumped into the ash-pit B The oven 0 is set back of. the combustionchamber into the casing of the stove in such manner as to leave a passage or flue 0 between it and the combustion-chamberthat is, at its frontand a passage c extending beneath,

behind, and over it, the passage 0 being provided with a damper or cut-off c and the passage 0 with a damper or cut-01f c and both passages communicating with the chimney c To distribute the heat over the top of the oven, there is a deflector-plate c.

In' the modification shown in- Figs.-4= and 5 there is a free air-chamber, from which air passes to either or both combustion-chambers, as above described.

In general, the fire is started with an updraft, and to this end the register I) and the dampers o 0 being closed and the registers 17 79 being open the draft will be below the grate upward to the chimney, and this same course of draft may be employed after the highest or any. desirable degree of heat has by downdraft been obtained in order to heat the top of the stove alone-that is, without heating the oven. After the fire has been well started access of air to the bottom of the grate is cut off, the register I) is closed, and the register I) and one or the other of the dampers 0 0 being opened the draft is downward through the grate-bars. These. become intensely heated. The products of the fuel undergo complete combustion between the grate-bars, this being aided by supply of oxygen by admission of some air into the hollows of the grate-bars, and intense heat is the result, utilizing to the fullest extent the entire amount of fuel supplied, thus getting the greatest amount of heat from a given quantity of fuel-in efiect, saving fuel and getting the greatest amount of heat. The hot products of combustion are then directed, as desired, either to heat the front of the oven alone, or by shutting the damper c to heat the oven nearly all around, or by closing the dampers and reversing the draft to heat the top of the stove alone. In case of any smoking, as from too free supply of fuel at first while the downdraft is being employed, the register b may be opened for a While, which will give immediate relief.

In the employment of an updraft complete combustion is insured and the heat likewise intensified by admission of air through the register b to the highly-heated grate-bars, the hot oxygen thus afforded readily igniting with the carbon products to effect complete 'oxidation-that is, combustionthereof.

In the employment of the modification that is, in the employment of two stoves at oncethe one side may be employing updraft while the other employs downdraft, the one side may be heating only part of its oven while the other may be heating its entire oven, and the one side may be heating its top while the other is heating its oven in whole or in part.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a stove, a passage for the escape of the products of combustion extending beneath, behind, and above the oven and a second shorter passage extending between the combustion-chamber and the oven, means whereby either passage may be used independently of the other, and means whereby an up or down draft may be employed, substantially as described.

2. In a stove, a passage extending beneath,

behind and above the oven, and a second shorter passage extending between the combustion-chamber and the oven, a damper so arranged as to permit the products of combustion from the combustion-chamber to be carried through either passage to the exclusion of the other, and draft-openings so arranged that the products of combustion from the combustion-chamber will pass either upward or downward as an up or down draft may be desired, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a stove, a passage extending beneath, behind, and above the oven, a second passage extending forward of and above the oven, both passages leading from the combustionchamber, through which passages the heated products of combustion are drawn when a downdraft is used, a draft-opening below the grate andadraft-openingabove the grate communicating with the passage leading to the flue-opening, whereby an updraft may be created,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a stove having spaced grate-bars, an air-compartment at the front wall of the combustion-chamber and provided with an inletto the under side of the grate-bars and communicating with the spaces between said bars, an exit above the grate and communicating with a chimney,a passage extending beneath, behind and above the oven, draft-openings arranged to permit a downdraft, and means arranged to control said inlet, exit, passage, and draft openings, whereby the products of combustion can be caused to pass either downwardly beneath the oven or upwardly through the exit, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES SOHWEIZER.

Witnessesz' ALEXANDER B. WILSON, CALVIN S. CARTER. 

